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Showing posts with label sodium. Show all posts
Showing posts with label sodium. Show all posts

Unhealthy “Health” Food

Rebecca Dilks, RD, LDN, research coordinator at the Center for Weight and Eating Disorders and member of the Penn Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery team, and Casey Siegel provide tips for avoiding misleading health claims and being your own healthy food judge.
 

Just because the package or ad claims that a food is “healthy” does not necessarily mean that it is. More and more, food marketers are using healthy as a marketing technique to promote foods that by most people’s definitions do not actually qualify as healthy.

Don’t fall into the food marketing health trap: Next time you are the grocery store, check the nutrition label and ask yourself the following three questions to make sure the food qualifies as healthy health food.  

1. Does it contain too much sugar?
When food manufacturers reduce the fat content in foods, they often sacrifice flavor too. To compensate, many food manufacturers add sugar.
 
Further complicating matters, the sugar listing on nutrition labels groups all sugar together, which can be deceiving. In general, try to stay away from added sugar as much as possible. The American Heart Association recommends women consume no more than 100 calories (6 teaspoons or 24 grams) of added sugar per day and men consume no more than 150 calories (9 teaspoons or 36 grams).

Fruit juices, fruit cups, granola bars and energy drinks all contain added sugar, significantly increasing the calorie content. Try fresh fruit or flavored seltzer to avoid extra sugar without skimping on flavor.

2. Does it contain too much sodium?
Food can be loaded with sodium even if it does not have that traditional salty taste. That is why you must check the sodium content on the nutrition label. Don’t assume a food’s salt content meets the healthy food requirement. Stick to foods that contain less than 140 milligrams of sodium per serving.

For example, fat-free cottage cheese, which does contain healthy nutrients like calcium, also contains 400 milligrams of sodium per four ounce serving.

3. Does it contain healthy nutrients?
Food manufacturers are onto the growing healthy diet trend and have started making snacks in healthier portion sizes than ever before. But while many of these foods have reduced calories and fat, they also fall short on healthy nutrients like fiber or protein.

Instead of reaching for a pre-packaged, manufactured snack, try opting for all natural low-calorie and low-fat snacks that also offer important nutritional benefits, like fruits and veggies.

Check out this “buyers beware” list of foods that are commonly marketed as healthy despite questionable nutritional contents:
  • Bran muffins: Some may be high in fiber, but many are loaded with calories due to excessively large portion sizes.
  • Trail mix and granola: These products tend to come in small portion sizes that are loaded with calories and fat. Get more bang for your buck by snacking on low-calorie, nutrient-rich foods like fresh fruits and vegetables.  
  • Tuna salad: Don’t be fooled by the word “salad.” Tuna fish alone is a great choice for lean protein and omega-3 fatty acids, but by adding mayonnaise to make tuna salad you also add lots of calories and fat.  
  • Dried fruit: Dried fruit contains healthy nutrients such as fiber, but it also contains large amounts of sugar. Stick with fresh fruit for all the same nutrients but with less sugar. 
  • Veggie chips: These chips may have some “veggie” ingredients, but most brands do not contain whole vegetables.  
There are many food claims out there masquerading as healthy despite a lack of nutritional facts to back them up, so you be the judge. Use the nutrition label to determine which foods actually qualify as healthy by your standards, not the food marketers.

Rebecca Dilks RD, LDN
Center for Weight and Eating Disorders
University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine

Casey Siegel, University Of Pennsylvania, Class of 2012
Biological Basis of Behavior/Nutrition minor
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Study Finds Magnesium-Rich Diet Lowers Stroke Risk

Cara Stewart, RD, LDN, member of the Penn Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery team, reports on study findings that link increased magnesium intake to reduced stroke risk.
Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in the U.S. and a leading cause of adult disability. Nearly 80 percent of strokes are preventable through personal risk-reduction measures, according to the National Stroke Association.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is one key to reducing the risk of stroke. In fact, a recent Swedish study suggests that the mineral magnesium may also play an important role.

Increased consumption of magnesium reduced the risk of stroke by 8 percent, according to the study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Every additional 100 milligrams of magnesium led to increased risk reduction for stroke, the study shows.

The findings are based on a meta-analysis of seven studies from the past 45 years that looked at magnesium intake and incidence of stroke. In total, it included data from more than 240,000 participants.

The recommended dietary allowance of magnesium is 400 to 420 mg/day for an adult male and 310 to 320 mg/day for an adult female. The best food sources of magnesium are whole grains, green leafy vegetables, nuts and beans. 

The following foods provide approximately 100 mg of magnesium:
  • Almonds (1 ounce)
  • Beans (1 cup)
  • Brown rice (1 cup)
  • Cooked spinach (3/4 cup)
These foods are low in sodium and high in potassium, dietary components that have also been linked to a reduced risk of stroke.

Keep in mind that a healthy diet consists of an assortment of nutritious foods, not a single item or nutrient. While magnesium has been shown to reduce the risk of stroke, it must be incorporated in a nutritious, balanced diet for optimal health.

- Cara Stewart, RD, LDN
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Shape Up Your Plate in Honor of National Nutrition Month

Karen Buzby, RD, LDN, member of the Penn Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery team, discusses a new government-sponsored program to encourage better food choices and provide tips for eating healthy.
March is National Nutrition Month and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics is providing you the information you need to achieve a healthier lifestyle. But even after you make the commitment to eating healthy, figuring out how to achieve that on a meal-to-meal basis can be tough and confusing. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has developed a program to help.

MyPlate is an online resource that provides dietary advice based on the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Unlike other diet guides, MyPlate uses an actual place setting to visually illustrate a healthy meal made up of all the major food groups. That means no more confusion about how to translate dietary advice to an actual meal and no more guessing about portion size.

Follow these tips to get your plate in shape*:

Balance calories
If you’re unsure how many calories you need to manage your weight, there’s no need to guess! Go to www.ChooseMyPlate.gov to find out your daily caloric needs. MyPlate provides the recommended number of daily servings from each food group to help you make smart and healthy dietary choices.

Enjoy your food, but eat less
Take your time to eat and pay attention to feelings of fullness.

Avoid oversized portions
Use smaller plates to encourage smaller portions. When eating out, opt to share a meal or take home part of the serving.

Fill up on nutrient-rich foods
Make vegetables, fruit, whole grains and low-fat dairy products staples in your diet. They’re high in nutrients and vitamins and low in fat, making them ideal food choices for good health. In fact, experts recommend covering half your plate with fruits and vegetables and ensuring that half your grains are whole grains.

Always choose low- or non-fat milk
By choosing fat-free or 1 percent low-fat milk, you cut calories and fat without losing the flavor or important nutrients like calcium and vitamin D.

Curtail your sweet tooth
There’s no doubt that sweet foods and beverages are both tasty and addicting, but they’re also high in fat, sugar and salt. Eat them only occasionally and in small quantities to satisfy your sweet tooth without compromising your healthy diet. One easy way to do this is by replacing sugar beverages with water and unsweetened drinks. 

Pay attention to sodium
You might be surprised by the sodium content in everyday foods. Before making a food selection, read the nutrition facts label and stick to foods that are low in sodium to help promote cardiovascular health.

For more information, visit the MyPlate website

- Karen Buzby, RD, LDN

*USDA, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, DG Tip Sheet No. 1, June 2011.
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Buon Appetito: Eggplant Parmesan – the healthy way

An Italian favorite, Eggplant Parmesan is typically made with fried eggplant and loads of high-fat cheese – a dieter’s nightmare! But there are ways to modify the recipe so it fits into your healthy diet. To reduce the calories, fat and sodium while retaining the flavor, try this healthy recipe for Eggplant Parmesan.

Ingredients:
Eggplant
  • 2 large eggs, lightly beaten
  • 1 tablespoon water
  • 2 cups whole-wheat panko (Japanese breadcrumbs)
  • 1/4 cup (1 ounce) grated fresh Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese
  • 2 (1 pound) eggplants, peeled and cut crosswise into ½-inch slices
  • Cooking spray
Filling
  • 1/2 cup torn fresh basil
  • 1/4 cup (1 ounce) grated fresh Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese
  • 1/2 teaspoon crushed red pepper
  • 1 1/2 teaspoons minced garlic
  • 1/4 teaspoon salt
  • 1 (16 ounce) container part-skim ricotta cheese
  • 1 large egg, lightly beaten
  • 1 (24 ounce) jar premium pasta sauce
  • 1/4 teaspoon salt
  • 8 ounces thinly sliced mozzarella cheese
  • 3/4 cup (3 ounces) finely grated fontina cheese

Preparation:
  1. Preheat oven to 375 degrees.
  2. Eggplant: Combine 2 eggs and 1 tablespoon of water in a shallow dish. Combine panko and 1/4 cup Parmigiano-Reggiano in a second shallow dish. Dip eggplant in egg mixture; dredge in panko mixture, pressing gently to adhere and shaking off excess. Place eggplant slices 1 inch apart on baking sheets coated with cooking spray. Bake at 375 degrees for 30 minutes or until golden, turning once and rotating baking sheets after 15 minutes.
  3. Filling: Combine basil, Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese, red pepper, garlic, salt, ricotta cheese and egg.
  4. To assemble, spoon 1/2 cup pasta sauce in bottom of a 13 x 9 inch glass baking dish coated with cooking spray. Layer half of eggplant slices over pasta sauce. Sprinkle eggplant with 1/8 teaspoon salt. Top with about 3/4 cup pasta sauce. Spread half of ricotta mixture over sauce and top with a third of mozzarella and 1/4 cup fontina cheese. Repeat layers once, ending with about 1 cup pasta sauce. Cover tightly with aluminum foil coated with cooking spray. Bake at 375 degrees for 35 minutes. Remove foil; top with remaining third of mozzarella and 1/4 cup fontina cheese. Bake at 375 degrees for 10 minutes or until sauce is bubbly and cheese melts; cool 10 minutes.

Nutritional Information:
Amount per serving
  • Calories: 318
  • Fat: 15.1 g
  • Saturated fat: 8.2 g
  • Monounsaturated fat: 2.7 g
  • Polyunsaturated fat: 0.6 g
  • Protein: 19.3 g
  • Carbohydrate: 26.8 g
  • Fiber: 4.8 g
  • Cholesterol: 99 mg
  • Iron: 1.6 mg
  • Sodium: 655 mg
  • Calcium: 365 mg

The recipe yields 10 servings. Serving size is one slice. Preparation time is one hour and 45 minutes.

This recipe is courtesy of Kathy Kitchens Downie, RD, Cooking Light (September 2010).
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Tasty Ways to Keep Your New Year’s Resolution: Sweet and Sour Shrimp

A New Year’s resolution to lose weight does not have to mean sacrificing your favorite cuisines, such as Chinese food. Many Chinese menu items are loaded with fat, calories and sodium, but there are ways to prepare healthier versions that preserve the flavorful taste you love. This sweet and sour shrimp is nutritious, low in fat and calories and takes less than 30 minutes to prepare.

Ingredients:
  • 1 (3 1/2-ounce) bag boil-in-bag brown rice
  • 8 ounces firm, light tofu
  • 2 tablespoons cornstarch, divided
  • 1/2 pound peeled, large shrimp (approximately 15 to 17 medium-sized shrimp)
  • 1/4 cup fat-free, low-sodium chicken or vegetable broth
  • 1/4 cup low-sodium soy sauce
  • 2 tablespoons sugar
  • 3 tablespoons rice vinegar
  • 1 tablespoon chili paste with garlic
  • 2 teaspoons dark sesame oil
  • 2 teaspoons canola oil
  • 1 cup chopped onion
  • 1/2 cup chopped green bell pepper
  • 1 tablespoon ground fresh ginger
  • 1 (8-ounce) can pineapple chunks in juice, drained
Preparation:
  1. Cook rice according to package directions, omitting salt and fat; set aside.
  2. Place tofu between paper towels until barely moist; cut into 1/2-inch cubes. Combine tofu, one tablespoon cornstarch and shrimp. Combine remaining cornstarch, broth, soy sauce, sugar, vinegar and chili paste; set aside. 
  3. Heat sesame oil in a large nonstick skillet over medium-high heat. Add shrimp mixture to pan; sauté for three minutes. Place shrimp mixture in a bowl. Heat canola oil in pan over medium-high heat. Add onion, bell pepper, ginger and pineapple to pan; sauté for two minutes. Add shrimp mixture; cook for one minute. Add broth mixture to pan; cook for one minute. Serve over rice.
Nutritional Information:
Amount per serving
  • Calories: 318
  • Calories from fat: 19 percent
  • Fat: 6.8 g
  • Saturated fat: 1 g
  • Monounsaturated fat: 2.7 g
  • Polyunsaturated fat: 1.3 g
  • Protein: 19.8 g
  • Carbohydrate: 45.4 g
  • Fiber: 4 g
  • Cholesterol: 86 mg
  • Iron: 2.7 mg
  • Sodium: 681 mg
  • Calcium: 89 mg
The recipe yields four servings. Serving size is one cup of shrimp and half a cup of rice.

This recipe is courtesy of Cooking Light (May 2008).
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Eat Right When Eating Out

Karen Buzby, RD, LDN, and Cara Stewart, RD, LDN, members of the Penn Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery team, offer these tips for eating healthy when dining out.

Dining out can be a challenge for anyone trying to follow a healthy eating plan, but it is especially difficult if you have had weight loss surgery. Restaurant portions are notoriously large and the meals are often packed with sodium and hidden calories from fats, sugars and sauces. Before weight loss surgery, larger portions may have tempted you to eat more than you wanted or needed. After weight loss surgery, the food may go to waste or cause discomfort. 

The following tips can help you enjoy your meal out while sticking to your diet plan.

Limit calories:
  • Be conservative with food selection, especially during the first few months after surgery. Stick with simple prepared foods.
  • Before ordering, ask yourself: “Is this food pouch worthy?” Make sure you order foods that are a good source of protein and fiber.
  • Look for heart-healthy, low-fat or light options. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations require restaurants to back up their health claims. Feel free to ask for nutrition information if it is not already provided.
  • Stay away from the bread and chip baskets as well as dessert and alcohol menus. Ask the server not bring out the dessert cart. If you choose to eat bread, opt for a small, plain yeast roll and avoid items with added fat like garlic bread, cornbread, croissants and muffins.  
  • Salad dressings are often high in calories and fat. Always order dressing on the side and ask for low-fat dressing, a lemon wedge or flavored vinegar instead of the full fat and calorie version. 
  • Don’t drink your calories. Quench your thirst with calorie-free drinks like water or unsweetened iced tea. Limit or avoid alcoholic beverages.
  • If your job requires socializing or doing business over meals, call ahead or go online to learn about your options in advance. Inform the restaurant manager of your dietary restrictions and make special requests ahead of time if necessary.
  • Savor each bite of food, enjoy the company and take your time. Allow at least 20 to 30 minutes for each meal. Remember, conversation is calorie-free!
Control portion sizes:
  • Watch your portion size. People who have had bariatric surgery receive a “restaurant card” to request smaller portions when dining out. Use it to make sure your meals are an appropriate size.
  • Share a meal or order a smaller portion. This reduces portion size and the expense as well.  
  • Order from the lunch menu if it is available. Often the lunch menu offers smaller and less expensive entrees.
  • Order from the children’s menu if there are healthy selections available.
  • Order an appetizer as a main entrée. The portions of appetizers are usually two to four ounces, which is the ideal meal size after weight loss surgery. 
  • Ask the waiter to split the main dish and box half before serving it. You can also request a “doggie bag” as soon as you feel satisfied to avoid the temptation of overeating. 
  • Try a tapas restaurant, which serves snack-sized appetizers and entrées.  
Manage leftovers:
  • When you take home leftovers, remember to refrigerate the food promptly to avoid food-borne illness. Food left out for more than two hours may not be safe to eat.
  • Write the date of purchase or preparation on leftovers and remember to discard the food after three to five days. Always follow the mantra: “When in doubt, throw it out.” Plus, you don’t want your refrigerator to turn into a jungle of leftover containers. 
  • Reheat food thoroughly.
- Karen Buzby, RD, LDN and Cara Stewart, RD, LDN
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Convenient and Healthy, Too! Finding Diet-Friendly Frozen Food

Cara Stewart, RD, LDN, member of the Penn Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery team, provides tips for finding healthy frozen food.

Although it gets a bad rap, the supermarket’s freezer section is actually brimming with time-saving, nutritious food choices: as long as you know what to look for on the label.  By learning about healthy frozen foods, you can stock up on diet-friendly options to have on hand when you do not have time to cook.

Produce – Frozen fruits and vegetables are often more nutritious than fresh produce because they are frozen shortly after harvesting, preserving nutrients.
  • Vegetables: Look for plain frozen vegetables without added butter, cheese or sauce.  Heat them in the microwave for a quick side dish or tasty addition to your favorite soup or casserole.
  • Fruits: Look for products without added syrup or sugar.  Add frozen fruit to yogurt, smoothies and cereal or eat them straight from the freezer as a snack.
Frozen meals – Although they typically do not taste like a fresh, homemade dish, frozen meals can be helpful for those times when you do not have the time or energy to cook.  Choose products with no more than 3.5 grams of fat per 100 calories and 600 mg of sodium or less.  Make sure the frozen entrée has at least 4 grams of fiber and 15 grams of protein to keep you satisfied.  Reliable brand options include Kashi, Lean Cuisine, Healthy Choice and Smart Ones. 

Waffles – Choose 100 percent whole grain varieties.  The first ingredient listed on the label should be whole wheat flour.

Pizza – Choose a pizza product with a thin, whole wheat crust if possible.  Avoid high-fat toppings like pepperoni and sausage. Opt for vegetable toppings or get a plain pizza and top it with your own favorite vegetables at home. 

Desserts –Choose pre-portioned novelty ice creams with 150 calories or less, like Skinny Cow or Weight Watchers varieties. Sugar-free or 100 percent fruit popsicles are also good options.

Vegetarian – There are several options for vegetarian burgers, patties and sausages.  Choose varieties with 300 mg of sodium or less per serving.

- Cara Stewart, RD, LDN
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